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Abstract: The green manure provides environmental benefits, mainly related to improved soil properties and increased flora and fauna diversity. Incorporated plant biomass with green manure crops aims to replace the insufficient application of livestock manure, increase soil organic matter content, and provide mineral nitrogen (N) for main cash crops in the crop rotation. This study aims to analyze the impact of incorporating pure stands and multi-species mixtures for green manure in four growth stages on soil mineral N content.
A field trial was established in the spring of 2022, at the experimental station Rimski Šančevi, in the vicinity of Novi Sad, in the northern part of Serbia. The trial was conducted as a random block design in three replications and included a pure stand of field pea (P), common vetch (CV), berseem clover (BC), fodder kale (FK), oilseed radish (OR), spring oat (О), spring barley (B), phacelia (F) and mixtures of 2C (two components) (CV+B), 3C (2C+FK), 4C (3C+F), 5C (4C+P), 6C (5C+OR), 7C (6C+O), and 8C (7C+BC). The dry matter yield was measured before the crops were incorporated into the soil. The termination was done in the four periods of crop growth,starting from one month and a halffrom sowing, and each seven days after that. The soil mineral N content (kg N ha-1) was measured at the time of crop termination and two weeks after. The soil analysis was done from two soil layers, 0-30 cm, and 30-60 cm.
The amount and distribution of precipitation significantly differed from the long-term average and affected crop growth and nitrogen content. The yield of dry matter in all treatments was the highest in the fourth period of termination when the crops were in full bloom or grain filling, where the highest yield was measured in the treatment with spring barley (4,5 t ha-1), and the soil nitrogen content was low in this period as well as two weeks after termination due to intensive plant growth. The third period of incorporation (beginning of flowering and flowering) showed the most favorable effects in the obtained dry matter yield and enriching the soil with mineral N, especially in legume treatments and mixtures with more components.
Acknowledgement: This research was supported by Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia (Grant Nos:451-03-65/2024-03/200117)
Acknowledgments: This work was funded by the IntercropValuES research project “Developing Intercropping for agrifood Value chains and Ecosystem Services delivery in Europe and Southern Countries" under the European Union's Horizon Europe the Framework Program for Research and Innovation (2021 2027) under the grant agreement Nr. 101081973.
| Keywords | mixtures; green manure; soil mineral N; dry matter yield |
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