18th Congress of the European Society for Agronomy

Sowing date and sowing rate affect yield and yield components of winter poppy

Aug 27, 2024, 5:40 PM

15m

Salle 14 (1st floor) (The Couvent des Jacobins)

Oral Synergies between short- and long-term goals Sustainable increase of productivity

Speaker

Prof. Reinhard Neugschwandtner (University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna)

Description

1. Introduction
   Growing spring poppy for bakery products has a long tradition in Central Europe. Mean spring poppy seed yields in Austria are with 75.0 g m-2 (2008–2017) quite low as spring poppy starts to flower late and drought during the transition from the vegetative to the generative phase can lead to significant yield reductions. Growing winter poppy instead of spring poppy might get more favorable under conditions of climate change. The recommended sowing rate for spring poppy is 100 to 150 mg m-2. The sowing rate for winter poppy might be lower as it develops larger plants. However, the knowledge on optimum sowing date and optimum sowing rate for winter poppy under Pannonian climate conditions in Central Europe is missing.
2. Materials, methods
   A two-year field experiment was performed in 2014/15 and 2015/16 in Eastern Austria in Groß-Enzersdorf, located in Marchfeld plain which belongs to the Pannonian Basin. The mean annual temperature is 10.7 °C and the mean annual precipitation is 568 mm. Four sowing dates ranged from early September to mid/end of October: SD 1 = 8 September 2014 or 8 September 2015, SD 2 = 22 September 2014 or 22 September 2015, SD 3 = 2 October 2014 or 6 October 2015, SD 4 = 13 October 2014 or 27 October 2015. The two sowing rates were 50 or 100 mg seeds m-2. Main effects for factors are shown. For interactions of factors and details for the experimental design and setup see Neugschwandtner et al. (2023).
3. Results
   The seed yield was highest by sowing in early October (Table 1). With this sowing date (SD 3), a higher number of capsules plant-1 and seeds plant-1 could be obtained although the plant density was lowest.
   The latest sowing date (SD 4) resulted in at the lowest number of capsules plant-1 and seeds plant-1. The number of seeds capsules -1 was higher in SD 3 and 4 than in SD 1 and 2. The TKW was ranked as followed among SD: 2 ≥ 3 ≥ 1 ≥ 4.
   The lower sowing rate resulted in a higher seed yield as the capsule density, number of capsules plant-1, seeds plant-1 and the TKW were higher than with the higher seeding rate. The higher seeding rate just resulted in a higher plant density.
4. Discussion
   The optimum sowing date for winter poppy under Pannonian climate conditions in Central Europe is early October but sowing can be performed over a wider range of dates. A much lower sowing rate than the recommended one for spring poppy can be used.
5. References
   Neugschwandtner R.W., Dobos G., Wagentristl H., Lošák T., Klimek-Kopyra A., Kaul H.-P., 2023. Yield and Yield Components of Winter Poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) Are Affected by Sowing Date and Sowing Rate under Pannonian Climate Conditions. Agriculture (Switzerland), 13 (5), art. no. 997.

Presentation materials

338_Neugschwandtner.ppt